Certified Ophthalmic Medical Technologist (COMT) Practice Exam

Which type of tissue damage is caused by microbial infection?

1. Non-infectious injury

2. Inflammatory response

3. Physical trauma

4. Chemical exposure

The correct answer is: Inflammatory response

The correct answer is the inflammatory response, as this refers to the body’s natural reaction to injury, irritation, or infection, including those caused by microbial pathogens. When the body detects infection, it triggers an inflammatory response that leads to a series of events aimed at eliminating pathogens, repairing tissue, and restoring normal function. This includes increased blood flow to the affected area, recruitment of immune cells, and the release of signaling molecules called cytokines. In contrast, non-infectious injury refers to damage caused by factors other than microbial activity, such as mechanical or thermal injury. Physical trauma pertains specifically to injury from an external force, while chemical exposure involves damage caused by toxic substances, which can also lead to inflammation but is not primarily caused by microbial activity. Therefore, the inflammatory response specifically highlights the body's reaction to microbial infections, making it the most relevant choice in this context.