Certified Ophthalmic Medical Technologist (COMT) Practice Exam

Which cells play a crucial role in removing debris during the later stages of an infection?

1. Neutrophils

2. Monocytes

3. Macrophages

4. Eosinophils

The correct answer is: Macrophages

Macrophages are specialized immune cells that play a crucial role during the later stages of an infection by effectively removing debris and pathogens. They are derived from monocytes, which migrate from the bloodstream into tissues where they differentiate into macrophages. Once in tissues, macrophages are adept at phagocytosis, the process of engulfing and digesting cellular debris, dead cells, and bacteria, thus helping to clear the site of infection and promoting tissue repair. During an immune response, after the initial influx of neutrophils, which are typically among the first responders to acute inflammation, macrophages take over to continue the cleanup process. They contribute not only to the removal of debris but also to the orchestration of the immune response by releasing signaling molecules (cytokines) that help recruit additional immune cells and promote healing. This function positions macrophages as essential players in the resolution phase of inflammation and infection control, making them the appropriate choice in this context.